Equilibrium determinacy and inflation measures for interest rate rules

Empirical evidence suggests that goods are highly heterogeneous with respect to the degree of price rigidity. We develop a two-sector dynamic general equilibrium model to study the equilibrium determinacy properties of interest rate rules that respond to inflation measures differing in their degree of price rigidity. We find that rules responding to a headline measure, which puts some weight on the inflation of the sector with low price stickiness, are more prone to generate endogenous aggregate instability—in the form of fluctuations driven by self-fulfilling expectations and equilibria where fluctuations are unbounded—than rules that respond exclusively to a core measure, which includes only the inflation of the sector with high price stickiness. We discuss how our results depend on the elasticity of substitution across goods, the timing of the policy rule, and reacting to aggregate activity.     

Price,wage and employment response to shocks: evidence from the WDN survey

We analyse the relative intensity and character of price vs. cost and wage vs. employment firm-level adjustment to cost-push shocks in the European System of Central Banks Wage Dynamics Network (WDN) survey data set. The results document several statistically significant and theoretically sensible relationships: price increases are less likely when product market competition is more intense, and more likely when collective wage agreements or employment protection legislation constrain firm-level reactions. We discuss how changes of such structural and institutional features of firms and of their environment may underlie the evolution of macroeconomic adjustment mechanisms in Europe.     

《统计学》传统教学与案例教学比较研究

本文运用案例教学与传统教学的比较,说明统计学案例教学的特点以及在组织案例教学中应注意的问题。     

On the Role of Risk Versus Economies of Scope in Farm Diversification With an Application to Ethiopian Farms

This article investigates the economics of farm diversification. The analysis assesses economies of diversification using a certainty equivalent measure. It identifies two components: one associated with expected income, and one associated with risk exposure. This integrates two lines of research explored in previous literature: economies of scope and risk management. We examine the roles played by complementarity, scale and concavity effects in economies of diversification. The approach is applied to diversification decisions made on Ethiopian farms, with a focus on production uncertainty. The econometric analysis finds large complementarity benefits, providing incentives to diversify. But this is tempered by (non)‐concavity effects that provide incentives to specialise. The analysis also documents how risk affects diversification, including both variance and skewness effects. It provides new insights on economic tradeoffs between farm diversification and specialisation.     

股权托管为非上市公司股权流动提供规范服务

非上市股份有限公司股权流动从无到有,从少到多,从交易不活跃到交易频繁是一个必然的过程.在没有合法的交易市场的情况下,地下交易市场自然成为这部分股权转让的惟一渠道.然而,地下交易市场的弊端不容忽视,蕴含巨大的社会经济风险,信息不公开可能造成投资误导甚至欺诈.     

基于产权的土地征收增值收益分配探讨

为了解决土地征收带来的社会矛盾，促进社会和谐发展，针对如火如荼的征地制度改革，从我国征地制度状况、农地产权制度现状、农地价格构成和土地被征收后增值空间来源等方面对征收土地增值收益分配问题进行全面分析，本文提出土地增值收益的存在是客观的，运用产权理论进行收益分配对征地制度改革和创新具有实践意义。     

Analysing the Agricultural Costs and Non‐market Benefits of Implementing the Water Framework Directive

Implementation of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) represents a fundamental change in the management of water in Europe with a requirement that member states ensure ‘good ecological status’ for all water bodies by 2015. Agriculture is expected to bear a major share of WFD implementation costs as it is compelled to reduce the emission of diffuse water pollutants. The research outlined here comprises interdisciplinary modelling of agricultural land use, hydrology and consequent water quality effects to consider both agricultural costs and the non‐market recreational use (and potentially non‐use) values that implementation of the Directive may generate. A theme throughout the research is the spatial distribution of the costs and benefits of WFD implementation, which is addressed through the use of GIS techniques in the modelling of agricultural land use, the integration of land use and hydrological models, and the estimation, aggregation and transfer of the economic value of the benefits.     

农牧户生计与土地生态系统服务价值耦合关系研究——以新疆奇台县为例

[目的]通过研究农牧户生计与土地生态系统服务价值的演变规律,为提高农牧户生计水平与保护生态环境提供参考。[方法]文章选取2002年、2007年、2012年、2017年4个年份奇台县作为研究时点,构建农牧户生计与土地生态系统服务价值耦合评价模型,针对两个系统的演变规律以及耦合协调度进行探究。[结果](1) 2002—2017年奇台县农牧户生计水平不断提升,土地生态系统服务价值表现出前期低、中期高、后期低的倒"V"型特征;(2)奇台县农牧户生计活动与土地生态系统服务价值两系统间存在明显的相互作用关系,两系统间的耦合度水平较强,介于0.60～0.97;(3)农牧户生计与土地生态系统服务价值的耦合协调度处于0.17～0.42,两系统间的耦合协调度虽然较低,但耦合协调度水平始终保持缓慢上升的趋势,由严重失调衰退阶段逐渐向濒临失调衰退阶段转变。[结论]虽研究区内农牧户生计水平增速较快,但土地生态系统服务价值呈缓慢下降趋势,在西部生态环境脆弱地区,实现人地关系协调发展压力仍然较大。在奇台县农牧业经济发展中,应重点促进农牧业产业优化升级和资源的合理配置,为实现两者之间的耦合协调发展创造条件。     

Sentinel-2红边波段在水稻识别中作用研究以浙江省德清县为例

目的 水稻是我国南方地区种植面积最大的粮食作物,准确及时地获取水稻的面积及空间分布信息对于加强农业生产管理、保障国家粮食安全具有重要意义。以往利用卫星遥感技术进行水稻分类研究中影像的红边波段类型没有确定,影响着水稻面积监测的精度和效率。方法 文章选取中国南方典型的水稻种植区——浙江省德清县为研究区,利用覆盖水稻主要生长期的5个时相（2019年5月24日、8月2日、8月17日、10月31日、11月15日）Sentinel-2卫星影像,采用随机森林算法进行水稻分类研究。分析研究区水稻及其余6种典型地物在不同波段下的反射光谱特征,采用J-M距离定量评价各时相下有无红边波段参与的各种地物光谱可分离性,比较不同红边波段下的水稻分类精度,优选水稻分类的关键时相和波段组合。结果 相较于红、绿、蓝波段,7种典型地物在红边、近红外波段光谱差异更为明显。相比于无红边波段,有红边波段参与时水稻与其余6种地物的J-M距离更大,可分离性更强。5个时相中,在8月17日（水稻拔节期）时,水稻与其他地物可分离性最大。当3个红边波段全部参与分类时,水稻与其余6种典型地物的总体分类精度最高为91.58%,Kappa系数为0.89。Sentinel-2影像参与分类的7个波段,按重要性排序是：近红外波段>红边波段2>红边波段3>红波段>红边波段1>绿波段>蓝波段。结论 该研究可为进一步提高国南方地区水稻面积监测精度与效率提供参考依据。